Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord. In MS, the body's immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath that covers nerve fibers, causing inflammation and damage. This damage disrupts the normal flow of electrical impulses along the nerves.

The symptoms of MS can vary widely and may include fatigue, difficulty walking, numbness or weakness in one or more limbs, blurred or double vision, tingling or pain, problems with coordination and balance, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and cognitive impairment.

MS is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, neurological exams, and diagnostic tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect lesions in the CNS. There is currently no cure for MS, but there are treatments available to help manage symptoms, slow the progression of the disease, and modify the course of the illness. Treatment may include medication, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and lifestyle changes.